Take Learning Outdoors

Experiential learning in nature for knowledge that sticks.

Using Wonderful Worm Stories to Ignite Natural Curiosity in Students

Worms are wonderful. They improve soil drainage, eat parasites and plant debris, and fertilize the soil with their castings. My students love digging in the dirt searching for worms. You are the winner if you find the biggest one! That’s their rule, not mine. My rule is that all worms must be handled with loving care and put safely on the ground, preferably under a leaf, when we go back inside.

Of course, because my students and I love worms, I have picture books about worms. Superworm is written by Julia Donaldson and illustrated by Axel Scheffler. There’s a Hair in My Dirt! is written and illustrated by Gary Larson. You might remember Mr. Larson from his The Far Side cartoons and books.

Julia Donaldson is a prolific children’s picture book author. You know her. She wrote The Gruffalo and numerous more delightful children’s books. Read them all. You won’t be sorry. Her books are suitable for children and adults of all ages.

Superworm is about a hero worm who does good deeds for everyone needing a good deed. One day his fame garners the attention of an evil Wizard Lizard. Now the tables have turned and it’s Superworm who needs help – and fast! Even the smallest creatures can save the day when they all put their talents together to get the job done. Hooray!

The second graders were very excited to find Superworm after reading the story.
The second graders were very excited to find Superworm after reading the story.

I read this story to my students as a provocation to the statement:

Our actions are powerful.

After reading the story, we compared powerful actions that are kind or helpful to powerful actions that weren’t very kind or helpful. We talked about making choices and how everyone can contribute to the safety and welfare of the group. Then we began a collaborative project to clean up our outdoor learning area. We planted new flowers, swept and raked untidy places and added dead leaves to the compost bin. Students went off by themselves or with friends to do the job they enjoyed. Even the smallest of us had a positive impact on improving our learning space.

Children will enjoy the adventures of Superworm and his friends. But, alas, it is fiction. I encourage you to pop into your school library to check out some non-fiction books about worms, too. It’s fun to make a wormery and watch firsthand all the things worms really can do.

There’s a Hair in My Dirt is suitable for most students in fourth grade and beyond. The book is packed with Gary Larson’s unique brand of humor in both the text and illustrations. And it has a double surprise ending – Gary Larson style.

This is a story about a worm who doesn’t know his worth, a maiden who is unaware of her impact and how their lives intersect. There’s a Hair in My Dirt has a moral that will have your students talking for a long time.

CAUTION: I suggest you read it carefully before sharing it with your students, paying close attention to all illustrations. The story is long, so I left out some pages that I felt could be problematic. This is a picture book, so you will have to show the illustrations for the story to have maximum impact. If you feel it’s appropriate in your setting in an abridged version, share it with your upper elementary students.

I read this story as a provocation to the statement:

There’s more here than meets the eye.

I was challenging my students to begin to notice nature more deeply, see new details in the nature that they passed every day and question what they were seeing – or not seeing. My students realized the maiden in There’s a Hair in My Dirt totally misunderstood everything she experienced on her walk through the environment surrounding her cottage. I led them to wonder what they were misunderstanding when they went outdoors.

I took them to an area near the school to explore. The environment consisted of an agricultural field and a small forest. They took photographs of anything that fascinated them or sparked questions in them. Here is a very limited sample of their photographs. The photos below were taken by fourth grade students with an iPad.

Back in the classroom, we put up our photos. Students attached “I wonder…” and “I notice…” statements to the photos of their choice. There were wonderings such as: I wonder why the trees are all in rows. I wonder what kind of mushroom is that. I wonder why the ice forms like that. What they noticed was equally as interesting: I notice the frost is thickest on the edges of these leaves. I noticed the forest felt peaceful. I noticed this plant has thorns. I noticed I could hear everything better in the cold air.

Not only do wonderful worms improve soil drainage, eat parasites and plant debris, and fertilize the soil, they can also inspire curiosity, teach collaboration, improve observational skills and challenge us to seek greater understanding. That’s a mighty creature indeed!

Looking Forward to a Great Start in 2023

Art made with local natural materials by second grade students

A big thank you to Juliet Robertson, whose blog post from December 29th, 2022, inspired me to reflect on my practice since August.

The questions, below, are from her post.

What has been the most memorable outdoor experience that happened in your school or setting in this past year?

Any time I take students off campus to learn from the surrounding environment, it is exciting for both the students and me. During our Art is in Nature unit of inquiry, second graders walked to the banks of the Rhine river to create artworks from the natural materials found there. Some students, inspired by Micheal Grab, tried their hand at gravity glue. Although their art was more rock stacking than balancing rocks using their center of gravity, students were very excited, completely engaged and didn’t mind the rainy weather at all! On the last day of school before the winter holiday when I asked them to share their favorite experience from the school year so far, many students recalled this excursion.

What did you enjoy most about being outside with your children?

The weather! We had a very mild, dry autumn this year in Duesseldorf, Germany. When it did get cold in December, it got really cold (-7 C/19 F). We were able to extend the Art in Nature unit by making sun-catchers with ice!

Making a leaf compass with a magnetized needle and a “puddle” of water.

I also work with fourth graders in outdoor learning. Of all the experiences we had since August, I enjoyed teaching them compass skills the most. It was fun to see their wonder and fascination as they made a leaf compass, found the bearing of an object in the environment and used compass bearings to navigate to an unknown location.

What one change, action, resource or person made a particular difference to the quality of outdoor play and learning in your school or setting?

This is the first time I have taught second grade students in our outdoor learning program. In the past, I taught preschool, fourth and fifth grade students. I am learning so much from the second graders. They are very capable, energetic learners.

What one thing did you personally do to improve the quality of outdoor provision or practice last year?

I planned units of inquiry collaboratively with the indoor teachers. We looked for ways to connect the indoor learning experiences with outdoor learning experiences.

I recorded the students’ ideas about the benefits and risks of using
fire and guided them to the necessary precautions.

During the fourth grade unit of inquiry about energy, I chose magnetism because, through the vehicle of compasses, I could reinforce the students’ learning of angles in math. The students learned practical applications for magnetism and angles.

During the second grade unit entitled, through experiences we learn new things, students practiced self-management skills to keep themselves and others safe when using tools, knives and lighting fires. They learned to do a benefit-risk analysis to decide which risks could be taken and what precautions need to be in place to keep everyone safe. Students learned to be responsible, careful and vigilant with fire. My mantra is, “If you can’t control yourself, you can’t control fire.” Learning to be spatially aware, be safe and make informed choices are transferable skills that benefit students indoors and out.

What worried you the most about your outdoor provision? What did you do to overcome these concerns?

An outdoor learning curriculum to meet our teaching and learning needs doesn’t exist; therefore, we write our own curriculum and lessons. This takes a lot of time and creative energy. Sometimes my lessons aren’t as effective as I would like because I wrote them days before delivering them. There wasn’t time to consider improvements before doing the lessons with students. In the past, we didn’t consistently write comprehensive records of our lessons. To make teaching easier next year and leave a curriculum map for future outdoor learning teachers at our school, we are doing our best to record and reflect on our lessons this year.

What did you read, listen to, visit or watch that made a noticeable or even have a profound impact on your professional outdoor practice?

Since we are creating our own curriculum, I am constantly on the search for information and resources.

I have used:

Juliet Robertson’s books and website.

Tristan Gooley’s books, videos and website.

Brian Mertin’s ebooks, videos and website.

Project Learning Tree is a great resource.

Tracey Maciver has two books packed with ideas for outdoor learning.

 Is there any thing you regret about this past year and your outdoor provision? If so, what can you realistically do to fix this? 

I regret that I didn’t record and organize my lessons better in past years so my coworkers and I could easily access them in subsequent years. I am working hard to correct this mistake, as stated above. I am trying to logically organize my work digitally so everything will be at my fingertips next year.

What one thing have you changed about yourself in relation to your outdoor provision? 

When I was on sabbatical leave for the 2021-22 school year, I met with a trainer to learn how to teach compass skills to children. This school year, I used my new knowledge and had fun doing it! On-line courses are convenient, but I especially enjoyed learning this new skill in-person. I look forward to finding more workshops and trainings to do on location with other adults.

If you could go back to January of last year, what advice would you give yourself about the year ahead in relation to being outside with children?

Advice to myself:

Your students, both in second grade and fourth grade, seem to have shorter attention spans and less ability to self-regulate. The students need nature, need to increase the longevity of their focus and need skills to manage their emotions and behavior in challenging situations. You will be spending more time co-constructing class agreements than you have in the past. It’s important work so don’t rush it. Once the class agreements are posted, refer to them often and reteach them when necessary. Be firm and kind.

I wish everyone a very Happy New Year! I hope you have many hours of enjoyable teaching and learning outdoors with your students.

Excellent Children’s Literature to Inspire Appreciation of Nature


Happy World Book Day!

Silent reading and reading books aloud to our students is something we often do indoors. It could easily be done outside, too. Why not? Pick a lovely day and read outside.

Some of the benefits of reading outside for you and your students include

  1. Natural light is easier on your eyes than bright white and cool fluorescent tube bulbs.
  2. Our bodies produce vitamin D when exposed to sunlight. Vitamin D boosts your mood and helps you develop a healthy immune system.
  3. Breathing fresh air can improve your mood and help you think more clearly.
  4. Being in a multi sensory environment will make you more alert, and improve your focus and concentration.

Today I’m offering you two books for instilling appreciation and love of nature in your students.

Continue reading

Supporting Young Children’s Creative Play in the Outdoors

Our Reception program (3, 4 & 5 year olds) is play-based and is heavily influenced by inquiry and constructivist learning philosophies. We use the International Baccalaureate Primary Years Programme as our curricular framework.

Both indoors and outdoors, we provide the children with uninterrupted blocks of time, up to 1.5 hours, to play. When the children are playing, the teachers are busy, too.

In fact, we were working even before the children arrived. We were busy creating an engaging play environment to capture the children’s interest and spark their curiosity. Once the children arrive and start playing, our work really gets underway. Sometimes, we play with the children. We strive to follow the children’s play ideas and let them lead the play.

Continue reading

Stuck on Reading

World Book Day 2020 is celebrated on Thursday, March 5th. I love children. I love nature and I love books. Put it all together and you get: children reading books outdoors! FABULOUS!

Don’t wait until March 5th. Here’s an idea to help you get started today.

Many children love playing in the mud. It is an irresistible sensory experience for some children. They become fascinated with making “sticky traps”. They love listening to the plopping, squelching sounds of stomping and jumping in mud. If left to their own devices, they will dig deep holes, add water and compete to make the biggest splashes!

Jumping in muddy puddles is fun! Just ask Peppa Pig.

Muddy play is magnificent.

Two books I read when the days become wet and the mud beckons the brave are Little Blue Truck, written by Alice Schertle, illustrated by Jill McElmurry and Stuck in the Mud, written by Jane Clarke, illustrated by Garry Parsons.

Continue reading

Reading in the Rain

I liked the alliteration of that title. However, if you are going to read books to your students in the rain, I suggest you have a covered area. It’s hard to read dripping, ripping soggy pages.

This flexible learning space is used for read-aloud stories, doing crafts and woodwork, group discussions, small world play, and simply resting on sunny or rainy days.
Continue reading

The Learning Value of Pulling Weeds

Can a simple outdoor activity, such as weeding the garden, be a vehicle in which the children demonstrate accomplishment of standards and benchmarks?

Encourage the children to weed the garden? Some folks would argue that it’s a waste of valuable learning time. Custodians or gardeners get paid to do such work. Some early years educators and parents would rather young children be learning their letter sounds and practicing their fine motor skills using pencils, scissors and paper.

Continue reading

Easy Spring Art: Dying Eggs


Oh, the ever-versatile crepe paper! We’ve made flowers and butterflies with it. We’ve painted with it. And we’ve made collage and 3D art with it. But did you know you can color eggs with it, too?

You will need: hard-boiled eggs, crayons, a bowl of water and an assortment of crepe paper.

Continue reading
« Older posts